The Three Roaches in Kansas City
German cockroaches are about half an inch long, tan to light brown, with two dark stripes on the shield behind the head. They live only indoors here — they can't survive a Kansas City winter outside — and they stay close to warmth, water and food: kitchens, bathrooms and the motors of appliances. The female carries her egg case, holding 30 or more eggs, until it's nearly ready to hatch, and in a warm kitchen a roach can go from egg to adult in about two months.
American cockroaches are the big ones — an inch and a half or more, reddish-brown, with a pale band around the shield behind the head. They live in sewers, steam tunnels and the basements of older and commercial buildings, and they come up through floor drains and along pipes, mostly in summer. "Palmetto bug" is another name for the same roach.
Oriental cockroaches are about an inch long, shiny black or very dark brown, and slow. Females have only tiny wing stubs. They like it cool and damp — crawlspaces, floor drains, window wells and under mulch — and in Kansas City they show up most in basements in late spring and early summer. People often call them water bugs.